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Evaluating sawdust-based bioethanol and pyrolysis products in the European Union: Feedstock availability, life cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis

dc.contributor.authorGhani, Hafiz Usman
dc.contributor.authorIlvesniemi, Hannu
dc.contributor.authorLeinonen, Ilkka
dc.contributor.authorRuuttunen, Kyösti
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Md Musharof Hussain
dc.contributor.authorOinas, Pekka
dc.contributor.authorAnttila, Perttu
dc.contributor.departmentid4100311310
dc.contributor.departmentid4100211110
dc.contributor.departmentid4100311210
dc.contributor.departmentid4100211110
dc.contributor.departmentid4100311210
dc.contributor.departmentid4100210610
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7074-0440
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-5148
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6131-392X
dc.contributor.organizationLuonnonvarakeskus
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-29T13:16:29Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThe significance of biomass-derived biofuels in global transport is increasing due to their perceived environmental advantages and policies with binding use targets. This study conducted a comprehensive sustainability analysis of sawdust-based bioethanol in the European Union, encompassing evaluations of sawdust availability, techno-economic assessment (TEA), and global warming potential (GWP), including land use and land-use-change-related GWP (GWP-LULUC). It was found that bioethanol production based on average annual sawdust potential could replace only 0.5 % of total fuel consumption in the EU transport sector in 2021, provided that all the sawdust was used for this purpose. The TEA calculations indicated that, while technically feasible, the economics of sawdust-based bioethanol production are not favourable based on this research's assumptions. Pyrolysis-based bioproducts showed better profitability. The economics of bioethanol production depends greatly on the sawdust cost, which was shown by the sensitivity analysis conducted. The GWP results highlighted the potential environmental benefits of ethanol-blended fuels such as E20 (20 % bioethanol with gasoline) and E85 (85 % bioethanol with gasoline), demonstrating reductions of 18 % and 78 % in fossil GWP impacts compared to petrol respectively. Examining GWP-LULUC unveiled a notable sequestration effect, primarily due to increased carbon storage in forests. However, these effects vary depending on the production year, country of origin, or soil type. In the context of this study, sawdust-based bioethanol demonstrated the potential to replace some fossil fuels, offering technical feasibility and considerable environmental benefits. However, it is not economically feasible and is highly influenced by policy changes and competition among different sectors.
dc.format.pagerange14 p.
dc.identifier.citationHow to cite: Hafiz Usman Ghani, Hannu Ilvesniemi, Ilkka Leinonen, Kyösti Ruuttunen, Md. Musharof Hussain Khan, Pekka Oinas, Perttu Anttila, Evaluating sawdust-based bioethanol and pyrolysis products in the European Union: Feedstock availability, life cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Volume 115, 2025, 108035, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108035.
dc.identifier.urihttps://jukuri.luke.fi/handle/11111/99768
dc.identifier.urlhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108035
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi-fe2025072980032
dc.language.isoen
dc.okm.avoinsaatavuuskytkin1 = Avoimesti saatavilla
dc.okm.corporatecopublicationei
dc.okm.discipline218
dc.okm.internationalcopublicationei
dc.okm.julkaisukanavaoa2 = Osittain avoimessa julkaisukanavassa ilmestynyt julkaisu
dc.okm.selfarchivedon
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.articlenumber108035
dc.relation.doi10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108035
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEnvironmental Impact Assessment Review
dc.relation.issn0195-9255
dc.relation.volume115
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.source.justusid123504
dc.subjectbioresource
dc.subjectbioethanol
dc.subjectforest
dc.subjectlife cycle assessment
dc.subjecttechno economic assessment
dc.teh41007-00232001
dc.teh41005-00057700
dc.titleEvaluating sawdust-based bioethanol and pyrolysis products in the European Union: Feedstock availability, life cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis
dc.typepublication
dc.type.okmfi=A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä|sv=A1 Originalartikel i en vetenskaplig tidskrift|en=A1 Journal article (refereed), original research|
dc.type.versionfi=Publisher's version|sv=Publisher's version|en=Publisher's version|

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