Luke

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Jukuri

Tervetuloa käyttämään Jukuria, Luonnonvarakeskuksen (Luke) avointa julkaisuarkistoa. Jukurissa on tiedot Luken julkaisutuotannosta. Osa julkaisuista on vapaasti ladattavissa. Luken muodostaneiden tutkimuslaitosten aikaisemmasta julkaisutuotannosta osan tiedot ovat järjestelmässä jo nyt ja kattavuus paranee jatkuvasti.

Kokoelmat

Viimeksi tallennetut

Monitoring Systems of Agricultural Soils Across Europe Regarding the Upcoming European Soil Monitoring Law
Mason, Eloïse; Cornu, Sophie; Arrouays, Dominique; Fantappiè, Maria; Jones, Arwyn; Götzinger, Sophia; Spiegel, Heide; Oorts, Katrien; Chartin, Caroline; Borůvka, Luboš; Pihlap, Evelin; Putku, Elsa; Heikkinen, Jaakko; Boulonne, Line; Poeplau, Christopher; Marx, Marc; Tagliaferri, Elisa; Vinci, Ialina; Leitāns, Lauris; Armolaitis, Kęstutis; van Egmond, Fenny; Kobza, Jozef; Wetterlind, Johanna; Drobnik, Thomas; Hirte, Juliane; Hefler, József; Smreczak, Bożena; Gomes, Lucas Carvalho; Greve, Mogens Humlekrog; Bispo, Antonio
European journal of soil science : 4 (Wiley-Blackwell, 2025)
In Europe, 60%–70% of soils are considered degraded, underscoring the urgent need for consistent monitoring to prevent further degradation and support evidence-based policies for sustainable soil management. Many countries in Europe have implemented one or more soil monitoring systems (SMSs), often established long before the EU-wide “Land Use/Cover Area frame statistical Survey Soil”, LUCAS Soil program. As a result, their sampling strategies and analytical methodologies vary significantly. The proposed EU Directive on Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law, SML) aims to address these differences by establishing a unified framework for systematic soil health monitoring across the EU. This paper assesses the compatibility of the 25 identified SMSs from countries participating in the EJP SOIL Program with the anticipated requirements of the SML. The analysis focuses on critical aspects, including sampling strategies, analytical methods, and data accessibility. Results show significant variability in SMS approaches, including sampling depth, monitored land uses, and analytical methods, which limit cross-system comparability. Despite challenges, opportunities for harmonization include aligning SMSs with the LUCAS Soil methodology, developing transfer functions, and adopting scoring systems for soil health evaluation. Enhanced collaboration and data accessibility are also emphasized as critical for achieving the SML's objectives. This research provides actionable recommendations to harmonise SMSs with the SML framework, promoting coordinated soil monitoring efforts across Europe to support the EU's goal of achieving healthy soils by 2050.
Observing accelerated chemical colour change in aspen and birch wood using hyperspectral imaging and spectrophotometry
Lampela, Joona; Keinänen, Markku; Haapala, Antti; Akinyemi, Olusegun; Möttönen, Veikko
European journal of wood and wood products : 5 (Springer Nature, 2025)
Natural weathering gradually turns wood light grey over years, driven by exposure to sunlight, precipitation, and biological agents. Nontoxic chemicals have been used to accelerate artificial weathering-induced colour changes in wood. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of various surface treatment chemicals and a commercial silicon-based product in accelerating UV-induced colour changes in birch and aspen under artificial weathering conditions. Weathering was conducted by using an artificial weathering testing instrument with or without spraying the samples with water. Colour changes were measured with a portable spectrophotometer. Hyperspectral imaging data were included to visualise spatial variations of colour in wood samples. The use of water was a significant factor in determining the colour change in wood. Mostly photodegraded lignin constituents leached out of the wood with water spraying but remained if it was not used. The treatment chemicals caused distinct colour changes: Iron (II) sulphate caused dark grey staining, citric acid a unique red colour, sodium hydroxide darkening and brown hue, and hydrogen peroxide the most uniform colour. Commercial silicon-based product caused either little or no noticeable colour change over control samples. The greatest potential for colour change occurred during the first hours of artificial weathering. Spatial data of hyperspectral images allowed for more accurate estimation of variability over spectrophotometer data, and use of hyperspectral imaging in further research is therefore suggested.
Abundances of breeding seabirds as indicators of the environmental state in the Baltic Sea : challenges and alternative approaches
Lindén, Andreas; Lappalainen, Antti; Piha, Markus; Seimola, Tuomas
Ecological indicators (Elsevier, 2025)
Policy-relevant environmental indicators are needed to support effective management of marine environments. Here, we present common challenges in selecting a set of seabird indicator species, whose abundances are used as indicators, and propose potential solutions. We use examples from the Baltic Sea and emphasize the requirements of the EU’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Processes that confound indicators can be classified as 1) contradictory indirect anthropogenic effects, e.g. poor state of Baltic cod stocks increasing auk abundances, 2) drivers affecting seabird abundance but not the state of the sea, e.g. decreased availability of dumps for gulls, and 3) transient dynamics and species interactions, e.g. the steep population growth of Great Cormorant and White-tailed Sea Eagle, and the resulting predation impact of the latter on Common Eider. To assess the spatial scale of seabird population dynamics, we compared population trends of the Baltic Sea with the North Sea, and trends of the Finnish coast with inland lakes. On average, trends in the Baltic Sea and Finnish coast were more stable or positive compared to the North Sea and inland, respectively. Finally, we propose two phases of indicator formation: i) a filtering phase – in which unwanted variation is filtered out from the species’ population trajectories – and ii) an indicator-generating phase – which aggregates relevant multi-species patterns into one or several indicators. We suggest statistical methodological approaches that cover both phases, separately or simultaneously. At best, seabird abundance indicators are useful summary statistics for monitoring joint effects of a wide range of anthropogenic pressures.
Kuvantamistekniikoilla tietoa yhteyttämisestä
Shapiguzov, Alexey; Engström, Satu; Näkkilä, Juha; Poque, Sylvain; Himanen, Kristiina; Vänninen, Irene; Kotilainen, Titta
Puutarha & kauppa : 7 (Puutarhaliitto, 2025)
Postharvest Dynamics of Photosynthesis in Fresh‐Cut Lettuce
Steensma, Priscille; Shapiguzov, Alexey; Annala, Leevi; Vainonen, Julia P.; Mikkonen, Kirsi S.; Kangasjärvi, Saijaliisa
Physiologia plantarum : 4 (Wiley-Blackwell, 2025)
Increasing the availability of fresh vegetables and reducing food waste are essential for healthy and sustainable production. However, fresh-cut vegetables such as lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) often experience rapid quality loss after harvest and processing. To maintain freshness in retail, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with low oxygen (O2) and high carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, combined with refrigeration, is commonly used. Packaged leaves are then displayed under dark or low-light conditions. The postharvest physiology of lettuce under these conditions (including changes in energy metabolism, photosynthesis, senescence progression, and light-dependent metabolic alterations) remains poorly understood, limiting the development of strategies to extend shelf life. Using spectroscopic and biochemical approaches, we investigated the physiological changes in fresh-cut lettuce stored in MAP under refrigeration in either darkness or constant low light. Our analysis revealed distinct light-dependent and light-independent adjustments in photosynthesis. MAP triggered rapid and dramatic changes in photosynthetic light reactions, detectable within 1 h of packaging, as observed by pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) and OJIP kinetics assays. These changes were likely associated with compromised electron sink strength in the photosynthetic electron transfer chain and altered dynamics of the energy component of nonphotochemical quenching (qE-NPQ). Notably, these functional alterations coincided with only minor modifications in photosynthetic supercomplexes, as determined by blue native gel electrophoresis. The MAP-induced changes in photosynthesis deteriorated during storage in darkness but were reversed by storage under low light, likely due to photosynthetic gas exchange. Our findings provide new insights into photosynthesis of packaged lettuce and highlight promising physiological readouts for assessing lettuce quality in retail settings.