Integrating waters, bridging boundaries: a comprehensive review of Transboundary Mega-Basin Management for sustainable and equitable water governance

This review explores the significance of transboundary mega-basin management (TMBM) in promoting sustainable and equitable governance of shared water resources. In the context of increasing water demand and climate variability, we assess how TMBM, which builds on integrated water resource management (IWRM) principles, addresses complex governance challenges. By analysing global case studies, including the Nile, Colorado, Mekong and Senegal River basins, we highlight effective practices in collaboration, benefit-sharing and adaptive governance. This study contributes to the conversation on global water governance by advocating innovative and inclusive strategies that ensure water security, environmental sustainability and peaceful international relations.