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Improving TLS-based stem volume estimates by field measurements

dc.contributor.authorPitkänen, Timo P.
dc.contributor.authorRaumonen, Pasi
dc.contributor.authorLiang, Xinlian
dc.contributor.authorLehtomäki, Matti
dc.contributor.authorKangas, Annika
dc.contributor.departmentid4100310510
dc.contributor.departmentid4100310510
dc.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-8713
dc.contributor.organizationLuonnonvarakeskus
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-21T09:16:35Z
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-27T18:23:04Z
dc.date.available2020-12-21T09:16:35Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe prediction of tree stem volumes has conventionally been based on simple field measurements and applicable allometric functions, but terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has enabled new opportunities for extracting stem volumes of single trees. TLS-based tree dimensions are commonly estimated by automatized cylinder- or circle-based fitting approaches which, given that the stem cross-sections are relatively round and the whole stem is sufficiently covered by TLS points, enable an accurate prediction of the stem volume. The results are, however, often deteriorated by co-registration errors and occlusions, i.e., incompletely visible parts of the stem, which easily lead to poorly fitted features and problems in locating the actual treetop. As these defects are difficult to be controlled or totally avoided when collecting data at a plot level, taking advantage of additional field measurements is proposed to improve the fitting process and mitigate gross errors in the prediction of stem volumes. In this paper, this is demonstrated by modelling the stems first as cylinders by only using TLS data, after which the results are refined with the assistance of field data. The applied data consists of various field-measured stem dimensions which are used to define the acceptable diameter estimation limits and set the correct vertical extents for the analyzed tree. This approach is tested using two data sets, differing in the scanning setup, location, and the measured field variables. Adding field data improves the results and, at best, enables almost unbiased volumetric predictions with an RMSE of less than 5%. According to these results, combining TLS point clouds and simple field measurements has the potential to produce stem volume information at a considerably higher accuracy than TLS data alone.
dc.description.vuosik2021
dc.format.bitstreamtrue
dc.format.pagerange10 p.
dc.identifier.olddbid489288
dc.identifier.oldhandle10024/546748
dc.identifier.urihttps://jukuri.luke.fi/handle/11111/5824
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi-fe20201221101647
dc.language.isoen
dc.okm.corporatecopublicationei
dc.okm.discipline4112
dc.okm.internationalcopublicationei
dc.okm.openaccess2 = Hybridijulkaisukanavassa ilmestynyt avoin julkaisu
dc.okm.selfarchivedon
dc.publisherElsevier Science Publishers
dc.relation.articlenumber105882
dc.relation.doi10.1016/j.compag.2020.105882
dc.relation.ispartofseriesComputers and electronics in agriculture
dc.relation.issn0168-1699
dc.relation.issn1872-7107
dc.relation.volume180
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.source.identifierhttps://jukuri.luke.fi/handle/10024/546748
dc.subject.ysotree stem volumes
dc.tehOHFO-Alku-4
dc.titleImproving TLS-based stem volume estimates by field measurements
dc.typepublication
dc.type.okmfi=A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä|sv=A1 Originalartikel i en vetenskaplig tidskrift|en=A1 Journal article (refereed), original research|
dc.type.versionfi=Publisher's version|sv=Publisher's version|en=Publisher's version|

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