Learnings from the changing Arctic: economy, society, and sustainability

The European Arctic is experiencing rapid industrial expansion, driven by global demographic shifts and the transition to carbon-neutral economies. Traditional livelihoods such as reindeer husbandry, fishing, and hunting increasingly compete with industries like fish farming, mining, forestry, and tourism. This editorial examines the socio-economic and environmental implications of these developments, highlighting conflicts over land use, indigenous rights, and sustainability. This editorial recognises the benefits that the industries bring to the local communities while emphasising the need for genuine participation of local stakeholders and diversified economic strategies. It advocates for post-growth frameworks that balance economic, social, cultural, and ecological well-being while cautioning against unchecked industrial expansion.