Spatial modeling of sediment transfer and identi!cation of sediment sources during snowmelt in an agricultural watershed in boreal climate
Gonzales-Inca, Carlos; Valkama, Pasi; Lill, Jan-Olof; Slotte, Joakim; Hietaharju, Eila; Uusitalo, Risto (2018)
Gonzales-Inca, Carlos
Valkama, Pasi
Lill, Jan-Olof
Slotte, Joakim
Hietaharju, Eila
Uusitalo, Risto
Julkaisusarja
Science of the Total Environment
Volyymi
612
Sivut
303-312
Elsevier
2018
All rights reserved
Copyright: Elsevier Ltd
Copyright: Elsevier Ltd
Tiivistelmä
Sediment transfer patterns during snowmelt were studied in a small Finnish agricultural watershed. Erosion rates were high as a consequence of high runoff volumes over saturated soil that partly lacked vegetation cover. Automatic high-frequencymonitoring data of sediment and phosphorus concentrations in stream showed a clock-wise hysteresis loop as a dominant pattern. GIS-based modeling of runoff and soil erosion, using LiDAR DTMdata, suggested that runoff and erosion mostly camefromcropland that had the highest sediment contribution index. Also sediment fingerprinting with Cesium-137 suggested cropland and stream bank were the most important sources of suspended sediments in streams. Because a major part of annual sediment transfer takes place during snowmelt, it is a critical period for annual losses of pollutants. Management practices that minimize springtime sediment and pollutant losses from cropland would be needed to make a marked impact on annual pollution transfer to stream waters.
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