Integrated Evaluation to High Yield and Water-saving of Winter Wheat in North China

Abstract

Evaluation to high yield and water-saving for improving water use efficiency (WUE) of crops is becoming important in irrigated farming and dry farming. Field experiments with 7 winter wheat varieties under 2 levels of irrigation were conducted in Luancheng Experiment Station (37 53 LN C140 40 LE G 50m above the sea level) during 2001 to 2002. The growth and development of yield and its components, water use, WUE, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomata conductance were measured. The results showed that yield and drought resistance index was not significantly related with several measured agronomic traits. However, area of flag leaf and the leaf below flag leaf were significantly negatively related with WUE at yield level, specific leaf weight of flag leaf and the leaf below flag leaf was significantly positive related with WUE at yield level, transpiration rate and stomata conductance were significantly negatively related with WUE at leaf level. Based on leaf water potential ( t µ ), stomata resistance (Rs), transpiration rate (Tr), drought resistance coefficient (DC), maximum yield (Ym) and WUE at yield level, an evaluation index to high-yield, water saving and drought- resistance(IA) was established as follows : IA=0.4Ym + 0.2WUE + 0.1(Rs+ t µ +Tr) + 0.1DC.