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Habitat complexity and prey composition shape an apex predator's habitat use across contrasting landscapes
Malcangi, Francesca; Graco‐Roza, Caio; Lindén, Andreas; Sundell, Janne; Loehr, John
Ecography (Wiley-Blackwell, 2026)
The spatial ecology of stalk-and-ambush predators like the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx depends on prey availability and environmental features, yet the relative roles of these factors remain unclear at large spatial scales. In this study, we analysed lynx habitat use across central and southern Finland using snow-track data from the Wildlife Triangle Scheme (2016–2020) and a joint species distribution modelling framework (HMSC) to assess both environmental drivers and spatial predator–prey associations. The Finnish lynx population offers a unique opportunity to study a contiguous population with stark regional differences in prey availability, enabling inferences about environmental and prey effects on space use. Across the study area, lynx habitat use was primarily associated with structurally complex forests and terrain, as expected for a stalk‑and‑ambush predator. Overall, environmental conditions explained habitat use patterns to a greater degree in the central region than in the south, which we posit is due to differences between the regions in prey species. In the central region, habitat use by lynx and its prey, the mountain hare Lepus timidus, was similar, in contrast to the southern region, where lynx were spatially associated with roe deer Capreolus capreolus and white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus, both of which showed habitat use patterns differing from those of lynx. These results indicate that lynx adjust their space use according to prey availability, while still retaining a core preference for complex habitat, as expected for a stalk-and-ambush predator. Our results are a clear demonstration of how the interplay between environmental conditions and community composition of prey shapes a generalist predator's habitat use and how this can contribute to overall resilience at the population level. Our study captures insights into habitat use at the landscape scale across contrasting ecological contexts, with implications for the management and conservation of large carnivores in human-modified environments.
Trade‐Off Analysis Between Environmental Effects and Profitability in Agriculture: A Finnish Case‐Study
Calone, Roberta; Tzemi, Domna; Valkama, Elena; Acutis, Marco; Perego, Alessia; Botta, Marco; Bregaglio, Simone
European journal of soil science : 2 (Wiley-Blackwell, 2026)
Finding equilibrium between profitability and environmental impacts poses a fundamental challenge in cropping systems management. Identifying trade-offs requires robust tools to reconcile diverse and frequently conflicting objectives, especially in low data availability scenarios. This study presents a novel methodological framework combining the outputs of a process-based crop model with a fuzzy-expert trade-off analysis system in order to perform a structured comparison of alternative cropping systems. Model outputs on soil organic carbon, nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate leaching, and economic return expressed as Net Present Value were aggregated using fuzzy logic to inform a composite index (Σi) ranking trade-off performance on a scale from 0 (worst) to 1 (best). The framework was applied in a case study in Finland, evaluating nine cropping systems under current and future climate conditions. The systems included both crop-based (annual cereals and oilseeds) and livestock-based (with temporary grass) rotations, managed conventionally or organically, and varying in fertilization strategy, residue management, and tillage depth. The analysis was applied using a balanced weighting scheme and three alternative schemes reflecting the priorities of distinct stakeholder categories (young farmers, an agrochemical company, and a Common Agricultural Policy paying agency), allowing assessment of how changes in analytical context affect the resulting index. Under current climate conditions, the conventional livestock-based system with mixed fertilization and residue retention performed best (Σi = 0.69) while the conventional crop-based system relying exclusively on mineral fertilization and residue removal underperformed (Σi = 0.30). This latter system experienced the sharpest Σi decline under future climate conditions (Σi = 0.10), while organic livestock-based systems exhibited stable outcomes (Σi ~ 0.50). When evaluation criteria were adjusted to reflect stakeholder priorities, the framework consistently captured shifts in system rankings. This application illustrates the capacity of the framework to differentiate contrasting systems under harmonized assumptions, supporting its potential transferability particularly where long-term site-specific empirical datasets are limited.
Model-based small-area estimation with area-effects for sampled and non-sampled domains
Kangas, Annika; Myllymäki, Mari; Packalen, Petteri
Canadian journal of forest research-revue canadienne de recherche forestiere (National Research Council Canada, 2026)
Neglected and underutilized crop species (NUS) and agroecology in West Africa
El Bilali, Hamid; Calabrese, Generosa J.; Rokka, Susanna; Tietiambou, Fanta Reine Sheirita; Dan Guimbo, Iro; Dambo, Lawali; Nanema, Jacques; Acasto, Filippo; Veronelli, Andrea
Agrofor : 1 (University of East Sarajevo, 2026)
There is a widespread agreement that West African food systems need to be transformed. Neglected and underutilised crop species (NUCS/NUS) and agroecology can play a vital role in making these systems more sustainable and resilient. Therefore, this systematic review analyses the multifaceted and multidimensional relationships between NUS and agroecology as well as the potential contribution of NUS to agroecological transition in West Africa. In particular, the article examines whether and which agroecology principles are associated with research on NUS in West Africa. The review draws upon 42 articles dealing with NUS in West Africa selected from 185 publications identified through a search conducted on the Web of Science in March 2025. Generally speaking, there is a lack of studies addressing jointly NUS and agroecology in West Africa. Apart from animal health, all the remaining 12 agroecology principles can be associated with NUS, but in a differentiated way. Biodiversity is by far the principle most associated with NUS, followed by Social values & diets and Co-creation of knowledge. Meanwhile, Recycling, Land and natural resource governance, and Fairness are the principles least associated with NUS. In general, while those dealing with agronomic and environmental aspects (e.g. Biodiversity) are fairly addressed, principles related to socio-economic (Economic diversification, Fairness) and, especially, political (e.g. Land and natural resource governance) aspects are generally overlooked. In terms of the application scale, there is more focus on principles applicable at the field and farm levels, while those more applicable at the agroecosystem level (e.g. Synergy) or the value chain/food system level (e.g. Fairness, Connectivity, Participation) are generally overlooked. There is a need to strengthen research on the nexus between NUS and agroecology in order to foster the operationalisation of the transition towards sustainable and resilient agri-food systems in West Africa.
Management approaches in decision support systems to mitigate the risk of natural disturbances in European temperate and boreal forests : a review
Mazziotta, Adriano; Eyvindson, Kyle; Albrich, Katharina; Honkaniemi, Juha; Romeiro, Joyce Machado Nunes; Suvanto, Susanne; Kangas, Annika
Ecological modelling (Elsevier, 2026)
Natural disturbances such as windthrow, bark beetle outbreaks, root rot, wildfire and snow or ice damage are increasingly affecting temperate and boreal forests under climate change, creating a need for adaptive management to maintain forest resilience and productivity. Decision Support Systems (DSSs) integrating disturbance dynamics can support managers in adjusting management to these evolving risks. This review synthesizes management recommendations derived from DSSs incorporating natural disturbance models in European temperate and boreal forests. The results reveal that most DSSs rely on simulation models applied at strategic spatial and temporal scales, with particular emphasis on windthrow risk, bark beetle outbreak, and root rot damage. Conifer-dominated, even-aged plantations appear most vulnerable to multiple disturbances, whereas mixed-species stands show greater resilience. Simulations underscore that proactive strategies, such as shortening rotation length, species mixing, and targeted thinning, can reduce disturbance risks, but compromise timber revenues and other ecosystem services. Reactive strategies, including salvage logging and sanitary cuttings, address immediate damage but offer limited long-term mitigation. Optimization methods can help mitigate the trade-offs between profitability and forest resilience by minimizing disturbance risk and maximizing economic outcomes. While several DSSs can integrate single disturbances, only few DSSs can simulate interactions among disturbance models and climate scenarios. Complex data requirements constrain DSS application for operational forest management, restricting their use to researchers. Future DSS development should prioritize simple, applicable and accessible solutions while integrating advanced models capable of addressing diverse disturbance regimes. By leveraging advanced DSSs, forest managers can enhance forest resilience amid increasing climate-driven disturbance pressures.