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MaxEnt projections of climate-driven distribution shifts for Daphniphyllum calycinum in China
Xiang, Yangzhou; Li, Suhang; Yang, Qiong; Liu, Ying; Yao, Bin; Dong, Huilin; Li, Yuan
Ecology and evolution : 8 (Wiley-Blackwell, 2026)
Understanding how climate change impacts species distribution is crucial for conservation and sustainable resource use. This study projects the distribution shifts of Daphniphyllum calycinum Benth., an ecologically and medicinally important tree species in China, under future climate scenarios using an optimized Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model. By integrating 323 occurrence records with 10 environmental variables, we applied a rigorous parameter optimization framework using the ENMeval R package to select optimal settings (regularization multiplier = 2.0, feature classes = HPT), thereby reducing overfitting and improving model transferability. The optimized MaxEnt model achieved high predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.959, TSS = 0.8). Annual mean temperature (Bio1, 35.7%), precipitation of the driest month (Bio14, 33.7%), and annual precipitation (Bio12, 23.7%) were identified as the dominant environmental drivers influencing species distribution. Under current climate conditions, the total suitable habitat covers approximately 110.28 × 104 km2, primarily in southern China. Future projections under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios (SSP126, SSP370, SSP585) for the 2050s-2090s indicate a potential expansion of suitable habitat, with the largest gain under SSP585 (i.e., expanding to 161.64 × 104 km2 by the 2050s, representing a 46.6% increase relative to the current area). However, this net expansion is accompanied by localized habitat loss and, under certain scenarios, a declining proportion of highly suitable areas, revealing nuanced climate vulnerability. The distribution centroid is projected to shift northwestward by 96–140 km by the 2050s across scenarios, indicating a range shift toward higher latitudes and altitudes. Despite this overall expansion, localized habitat loss under higher emission scenarios reveals climate vulnerability, underscoring the need for proactive conservation in contraction zones. By integrating optimized model parameters with multi-scenario future projections, this study provides a robust methodological framework and offers spatially explicit guidance for prioritizing in situ conservation and sustainable cultivation of this valuable species under climate change.
From tree-wise monitoring to action: a digital forest carbon twin framework for forest carbon MRV and climate-smart forest management
Lopatin, Evgeny; Pitkänen, Timo P.; Sikanen, Lauri
Environmental challenges (Elsevier, 2026)
Forests are increasingly expected to deliver climate mitigation together with productivity, resilience, and biodiversity outcomes, yet forest carbon monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) remain constrained by fragmented data workflows, weak traceability, and limited links between measurement and management action. This conceptual framework paper defines the Digital Forest Carbon Twin (DFCT) as a carbon-specialized digital twin whose minimum operational condition is a persistent tree-wise state that is repeatedly updated by observations and models. From this state, carbon accounting, uncertainty propagation, verification evidence, and decision support are generated through one versioned architecture. We propose a six-layer framework covering data acquisition, processing and integration, tree-wise state and carbon, MRV, decision support, and stakeholder/governance interfaces. The framework is operationalized through an auditor-facing verification workflow, a protocol-harmonization strategy, and a maturity pathway from pilot implementation to a scaled platform. An illustrative pilot in the City of Joensuu, Finland, demonstrates how ground laser scanning, UAV data, field measurements, tree-object reconstruction, and web visualization can be connected within one implementation pathway; the pilot is presented as evidence of integration feasibility rather than as a completed validation of carbon-accounting accuracy. Comparison with conventional inventories, remote-sensing workflows, MRV systems, generic digital twins, and decision-support systems shows that the defining DFCT features are persistent tree identities, versioned state updating, explicit uncertainty, reproducible lineage, and shared monitoring-to-action logic. The framework provides a practical research agenda for interoperable, verifier-ready, and climate-smart forest management systems.
The effects of prescribed burning on vegetation growth in Pinus yunnanensis forests
Xu, Yunting; Zhang, Zihan; You, Chengming; Song, Ting; Xing, Jinmei; Gao, Wuchao; Li, Yuan; Lopatin, Evgeny; Dai, Dachuan; Cui, Xinglei
New forests : 5 (Springer Nature, 2026)
Effects of partial dehydration methods on high-moisture forages chemical composition
Lima, Nicole S.A.; Quirino, Daiana F.; Franco, Marcia O.; Detmann, Edenio
Animal feed science and technology (Elsevier, 2026)
This study evaluated whether partial dehydration methods alter the chemical composition of high-moisture forages. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 20 maize silage samples were subjected to freeze-drying, forced-air oven drying, forced-air oven drying preceded by a microwave preheating step, or microwave drying. In Experiment 2, 28 forages (silages, fresh grasses, and fresh legumes) were evaluated using freeze-drying, forced-air oven drying, microwave drying, or air-fryer drying. Method effects were assessed based on water removal efficiency, nitrogenous and fibrous compound profiles, in vitro digestibility, indigestible fibre, and colorimetric properties. Microwave and air-fryer drying removed less water than freeze-drying and resulted in greater differences in nitrogenous compound concentrations and profiles, including apparent N volatilisation and greater concentrations of detergent-insoluble nitrogen. Heat application inconsistently affected fibrous components but consistently reduced in vitro dry matter digestibility without altering in vitro fibre digestibility, likely reflecting starch retrogradation and production of heat-derived artefacts soluble in neutral detergent. These modifications were most pronounced in fresh forages, indicating an interaction with their chemical matrix. Among heat-based methods, forced-air oven drying produced the least chemical alteration. Overall, heat application during partial dehydration modifies the chemical characteristics of high-moisture forages, and when freeze-drying is not feasible, forced-air oven drying best preserves the original sample composition.
Beneficial Roles of Microorganisms in Woody Plant Micropropagation
Cantabella, Daniel; Varis, Saila; Prieto-Fernández, Ángeles; Christie, Bruce; Vidal, Nieves; Sota, Valbona (toim.); Lambardi, Maurizio (toim.); Vidal, Nieves (toim.); Werbrouck, Stefaan P.O. (toim.)
Next-Generation In Vitro Strategies in Woody Plant Cloning (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2026)
Plants coexist with microorganisms throughout all stages of their life, and micropropagated plants are no exception. Currently, micropropagation laboratories are increasingly seeking to understand and harness the benefits of plant–microbe interactions, which range from mutualism to antagonism, to improve culture performance. In this chapter, we will first take a brief look at the types of microorganisms that live inside plants and how they interact with them in vivo and then discuss some examples of their beneficial use during different stages of in vitro cultivation of woody plants. We can conclude that including microorganisms in micropropagation can improve plant growth, root quality, and successful acclimatization, along with other important characteristics, such as preparing trees to withstand ex vitro challenges like abiotic stress or tolerance to pathogens under field conditions. The application of biotechnology to plant–microorganism interactions has other ecological and economic advantages, such as improving crop sustainability, the bioremediation capacity of plants, along with others such as increasing truffle production and producing bioactive substances of interest to other fields. Although its application is not without challenges and risks, there are still opportunities and benefits to explore and exploit.