Luke
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Tervetuloa käyttämään Jukuria, Luonnonvarakeskuksen (Luke) avointa julkaisuarkistoa. Jukurissa on tiedot Luken julkaisutuotannosta. Osa julkaisuista on vapaasti ladattavissa. Luken muodostaneiden tutkimuslaitosten aikaisemmasta julkaisutuotannosta osan tiedot ovat järjestelmässä jo nyt ja kattavuus paranee jatkuvasti.

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Viimeksi tallennetut

  • A new scenario architecture to capture granularity of governance within and across Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
    Sarkki, Simo; Rasmus, Sirpa; Habeck, Joachim Otto; Matthes, Heidrun; Pihlajamäki, Mia; Eronen, Jussi T.
    Land use policy (Elsevier, 2026)
    Scenario work is a prominent possibility to understand and address pressing socio-environmental sustainability challenges of today and tomorrow. Scenarios depict the possible futures for land-use, and land-use pressures. In this conceptual paper, we propose a novel governance-focused scenario architecture consisting of 1) Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), or exploratory scenario archetypes, which explore future uncertainties affected by chosen drivers; 2) Shared Governance Assumptions: governance modes that define the logic of decision-making across the SSPs, and that change the future governance landscapes; and 3) Detailed Governance Assumptions: specific opportunities for agency offered by the varying future governance landscapes defined by SSP – Shared Governance Assumption combinations. We propose a six-step process to employ our scenario architecture, and use the case of land use and Arctic reindeer herding as a brief illustration. We find that our proposed scenario architecture i) offers a structured way to diversify SSP-based scenario sets and to connect SSPs strongly to policy and governance, ii) can be used to explore actor-based trade-offs, and iii) can be used to as a tool for anticipatory governance. Further work is needed to provide empirical applications of our scenario architecture and to innovatively compare and examine implications of different governance modes to targeted normative objectives (i.e. the granularity of governance) within and across SSPs.
  • LFNMR-Informed Multi-Phase Moisture Modelling of Wood Biodegradation by Coniophora puteana
    Dsouza, Royson Donate; Belt, Tiina; Fortino, Stefania
    Forests : 4 (MDPI, 2026)
    Fungal decay fundamentally alters moisture transport in wood through complex bio-physical coupling mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Brown-rot fungi such as Coniophora puteana (Schumach.: Fr.) P. Karst. degrade wood through chelator-mediated Fenton (CMF) chemistry, producing hydroxyl radicals that depolymerise cellulose and hemicellulose before significant mass loss. This diffusion-dependent process requires elevated moisture content and leads to structural degradation. However, existing models fail to capture the interaction between boundary-driven fungal colonization, decay-induced property changes, and multi-phase multi-Fickian moisture redistribution, particularly the separate evolution of bound- and free-water phases during decay. Here, we present a transport-response bio-hygrothermal finite element model that couples boundary-driven Monod-type fungal colonization kinetics with multi-phase moisture transport (free water, bound water, vapor) in decaying wood. Although fungal biomass evolution is simulated via a reaction–diffusion equation, decay progression is not derived from biomass–substrate interaction but prescribed independently as an experimentally informed input. The model incorporates decay-modified sorption isotherms, permeability evolution, and boundary-driven biomass influx, along with associated moisture transport, into the governing equations. The model is validated against low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) measurements of C. puteana decay in Scots pine over 35 days. The model successfully reproduces the experimentally observed moisture evolution: a peak free-water content of 50%–70% during weeks 1–2, followed by a progressive decline, while bound water remains remarkably constant despite advancing decay. Monte Carlo uncertainty quantification demonstrates hierarchical parameter control: bound water is governed solely by thermodynamic factors, while free water responds to interacting biological and physical processes. Time-resolved correlation analysis shows a fundamental transition from colonization-dominated (weeks 1–2) to transport-dominated (weeks 3–5) moisture control, quantitatively explaining the experimentally observed shift from accumulation to depletion. This transport-response framework for analyzing moisture behavior under externally defined decay progression establishes quantitative parameter hierarchies that may inform the development of future substrate-coupled bio-hygrothermal models.
  • Scalable isolation of soil genomic DNA from microbial eukaryotes to multicellular micro- and mesofauna
    Velmala, Sannakajsa; Tuomivirta, Tero; Pitkänen, Juha-Matti; Latvala, Satu; Pennanen, Taina
    The microbe (Elsevier, 2026)
    Global initiatives emphasise the need for harmonised soil biodiversity assessments. Efficient DNA extraction methods that accommodate larger soil volumes are essential for capturing organisms at higher trophic levels than bacteria and fungi and for supporting extensive sampling campaigns. We developed and evaluated a scalable, cost-efficient, and automation-ready soil DNA isolation protocol and compared its performance with two widely used commercial extraction methods: Qiagen DNeasy PowerSoil Pro (0.25 g soil input) and Qiagen DNeasy PowerMax Soil (2.5 g soil input). Four contrasting soil types representing agricultural and forest ecosystems (mull, sandy till, peat, and coarse mineral soil) were analysed. The new protocol combines bead-beating in sodium thiocyanate lysis buffer with either silica-membrane or carboxyl-coated magnetic bead purification and was tested using soil inputs of 2.5 g and 5 g for one soil type. DNA extracts were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform using universal eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene primers to characterise soil metazoans and microbial eukaryotes. The developed protocol, combining a tenfold increase in soil input with commercial kit purification, produced the highest DNA yields in three of four soil types, increasing DNA recovery by up to 2.3-fold compared with the commercial maxiprep method. It also consistently detected the greatest metazoan richness, recovering up to 103% more taxa than the conventional miniprep method and up to 82% more taxa than the commercial maxiprep method. The carboxyl-coated magnetic bead workflow also performed well, recovering up to 83% more metazoan taxa than the miniprep method and up to 55% more taxa than the maxiprep method, particularly in forest soils. For microbial eukaryotes and protists, the commercial maxiprep and combination of developed high lysis volume and commercial kit silica purification protocols generally yielded the highest richness in agricultural soils, whereas the developed protocol performed best in coarse xeric forest soils. These results indicate that at least a tenfold increase in soil input relative to conventional 0.25 g extractions is required for reliable characterisation of mesofauna diversity, while further increases may provide additional gains. The developed DNA isolation protocol offers a solution for large-scale soil biodiversity assessments, supporting the integration of higher trophic levels into eDNA-based monitoring frameworks and future soil health monitoring programmes.
  • Effects of wood products substitution on fossil carbon emissions in Finland, the European Union, and the world
    Heräjärvi, Henrik; Taylor, Adam; Mutanen, Antti; Tolvanen, Miika; Pykäläinen, Jouni
    Silva fennica : 2 (Suomen metsätieteellinen seura, 2026)
    The main driver of climate change is fossil carbon emissions that can be avoided by using renewables instead of fossil-intensive energy or materials. A displacement factor (DF) quantifies fossil emissions avoided by wood use instead of a fossil material. Substitution impact of wood products can be calculated by multiplying their product-specific DFs and their production volumes. We quantified the substitution impact in Finland, the European Union (EU), and worldwide for 2020 using two different DF sets. We extended the analysis out to 2040 in Finland. Depending on DFs used, the avoided fossil emissions by wood use were 13–38 (Finnish wood), 149–317 (EU wood), and 971–2014 (world wood) MtCO2e in 2020. These correspond to 37–94% (Finland), 6–12% (EU), and 3–6% (world) of total fossil emissions in their respective areas, highlighting the importance of substitution impacts. Despite the uncertainties, the estimates show large climate effects. In Finland, the substitution impact approaches the scale of the total fossil emissions of the country, while at the EU and global scales, the impact is similar in scale to the entire reported LULUCF criterion. The DFs for wood use may decrease in the future because of the decarbonization of the energy systems used in the production of alternatives to wood: steel, concrete, and plastics. However, wood products will remain important in avoiding fossil emissions by providing bio-based material and energy options.
  • Vihanneslohkojen typpivarannoissa suurta vaihtelua
    Suojala-Ahlfors, Terhi; Salo, Tapio; Ruski, Jari
    Puutarha & kauppa : 7 (Kauppapuutarhaliitto, 2026)