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Jukuri

Tervetuloa käyttämään Jukuria, Luonnonvarakeskuksen (Luke) avointa julkaisuarkistoa. Jukurissa on tiedot Luken julkaisutuotannosta. Osa julkaisuista on vapaasti ladattavissa. Luken muodostaneiden tutkimuslaitosten aikaisemmasta julkaisutuotannosta osan tiedot ovat järjestelmässä jo nyt ja kattavuus paranee jatkuvasti.

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Prolonged drought from winter to spring affected the phenology, growth, and physiology of differently pretreated Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings
Zheng, Fang; Qian, Hui; Liu, Yan; Ge, Yu-Lan; Di, Bao; Kilpeläinen, Jouni; Wang, Ai-Fang
Trees-structure and function : 4 (Springer Nature, 2025)
Water availability at the beginning of the growth phase, and even before it, is decisive in the phenology and annual cycle of forest trees, consequently affecting carbon sequestration and forest ecosystem balance. This is a novel experimental study on the effects of continuous drought throughout winter and early spring on tree performance. Two groups of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings were overwintered in a Chinese solar greenhouse (BIG seedlings) and a plastic tunnel (SMALL seedlings). The seedlings were subjected to continuing droughts from winter to an extra 0 (control), 15 (D15), 30 (D30) and 45 days without irrigation (D45) after soil thawing next spring. Bud phenology, tree growth and physiology were examined. Bud phenological development, tree aboveground growth and root biomass growth were delayed in treatments D30 and D45 in both seedling types. SMALL seedlings had earlier bud phenology and were less influenced by drought than BIG seedlings. The drought-induced changes in spring phenology were associated with higher ABA and lower GA3 concentrations of needles. The phenology and growth differences between the seedling types might relate to soluble sugar concentrations of roots, needle chlorophyll content, needle chlorophyll fluorescence and acclimated morphological changes, such as root-shoot ratio. We suggest that in forest management, a big seedling size does not guarantee growth success, but attention should be paid to the proper conditions in overwintering and storing of the seedlings prior planting. Prolonged drought throughout winter and early spring should be avoided especially before planting the seedlings in an area prone to drought.
Biochar and Hydrochar from Organic Side-Streams Induce Species-Specific Responses in Plants
Hagner, Marleena; Salmela, Matti J.; Ahmadi, Sajad; Yaah, Velma Kimbi; Ojala, Satu; Laitinen, Tiina; Hiltunen, Lea H.
Journal of soil science and plant nutrition (Springer Nature, 2025)
Biochar (BC) and hydrochar (HC) have gained attention as multipurpose materials for soil improvement, plant growth promotion, carbon removal and waste reduction – key components of the circular economy. Heterogeneous side-stream and waste biomasses together with thermochemical processes produce variable char products whose effects on soil properties and plants may be divergent and dependent on the environmental context. We produced BC and HC from demolition wood, tomato leaves and biogas digestate and characterized chemical and physical properties of feedstock materials and char products. Growth chamber experiments were established to evaluate the phytotoxicity of the char products and their effects on seedling emergence, biomass and nutrient concentrations in three crop indicator species (barley, radish and rape) grown in a boreal soil. We found that both slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) produce mostly good-quality char products within the limits of the EU Fertilising Products Regulation (FPR) 2019/1009. The effects of BC and HC applications on soil properties reflected the characteristics of the char products and application rates. In general, all char treatments increased soil pH, carbon content and organic matter. Effects of char products on emergence and growth depended on the plant species, sowing time, char treatment and application rate, with many interactive effects of treatments. Immediate phytotoxicity was shown by the highest application rate (50 t ha−1) of tomato BC which reduced emergence in all species. Overall, char application had explicit positive effects on biomass in barley only. Our results suggest that pyrolysis and HTC are valuable methods in processing different side-stream and waste materials into char products that are potential soil amendments. Harmful effects of char application are rare with high-quality products, but the observed patterns of short-term plant responses emphasize the need for environment- and species-specific testing of soil amendments.
SuCCESs - a global IAM for exploring the interactions between energy, materials, land-use and climate systems in long-term scenarios (model version 2024-10-23)
Ekholm, Tommi; Freistetter, Nadine-Cyra; Mattlar, Tuukka; Schaber, Theresa; Rautiainen, Aapo
Geoscientific model development (Copernicus Publications, 2025)
Nationwide survey of social wasps (Vespinae) in Finland
Komonen, Atte; Torniainen, Jyrki; Andersson, Tommi; Cederberg, Tony; Inkinen, Jasmin; Lämsä, Juho; Paukkunen, Juho; Saarinen, Kimmo; Salmela, Jukka; Sorvari, Jouni; Tuominen, Esa-Pekka; Várkonyi, Gergely; Vuorenmaa, Silja
Memoranda Societatis pro fauna et flora Fennica (Societas pro fauna et flora Fennica, 2025)
Global change affects species distribution and abundance. To monitor changes in the distribution and abundance of social wasps (Vespinae), reliable baseline data are needed. We established a network of study sites (n = 16) to study vespine abundance throughout Finland, ranging a 1 100 km south to north distance, during 2019–2024. Similar beer traps were used in all sites. Altogether 4 099 individuals and nine species were captured. The most abundant and frequent species was Vespula vulgaris (60% of individuals and 92% site-year occupancy) followed by Dolichovespula media (31% and 81%) and Vespa crabro (3% and 4%). Vespa crabro was only trapped in Åland Islands, but abundantly. Variation in the abundance of V. vulgaris and D. media was great among sites and years. Our study suggests great spatio-temporal variation and species-specificity in beer trap catches of social vespine wasps, which should be considered in designing monitoring protocols.
Range‐Wide Genomic Analysis Reveals Regional and Meta‐Population Dynamics of Decline and Recovery in the Grey Seal
McCarthy, Morgan L.; Cammen, Kristina M.; Granquist, Sandra M.; Dietz, Rune; Teilmann, Jonas; Thøstesen, Charlotte Bie; Kjeldgaard, Simon; Valtonen, Mia; Kunnasranta, Mervi; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Ahola, Markus P.; Bäcklin, Britt‐Marie; Bowen, W. Don; Puryear, Wendy B.; Runstadler, Jonathan A.; Russell, Debbie J. F.; Galatius, Anders; Tange Olsen, Morten
Molecular ecology (Wiley-Blackwell, 2025)
Wildlife populations globally have experienced widespread historical declines due to anthropogenic and environmental impacts, yet for some species, contemporary management and conservation programmes have enabled recent recovery. The impacts of decline and recovery on genomic diversity and, vice versa, the genetic factors that contribute to conservation success or failure are rich areas for inquiry, with implications for shaping how we manage species into the future. To comprehensively characterise these processes in natural systems requires range-wide sampling and international collaboration, particularly for species with wide dispersal capabilities, broad geographic distributions, and complex regional metapopulation dynamics. Here, we present the first range- and genome-wide population genomic analysis of grey seals based on 3812 nuclear SNPs genotyped in 188 samples from 17 localities. Our analyses support the existence of three main grey seal populations centred in the NW Atlantic, NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea, and point to the existence of previously unrecognised substructure within the NE Atlantic. We detected remarkably low levels of genetic diversity in the NW Atlantic population, and demographic analyses revealed a turbulent history of NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea grey seals, with bottlenecks in the Middle Ages and the 20th century due to hunting and habitat alterations. We found some localities deviated from isolation by distance patterns, likely reflecting wide-scale metapopulation dynamics associated with recolonisation and recovery in regions where they were historically extirpated. We identify at least six grey seal genetic populations and reveal marked genetic effects of past declines and recent recovery across the species' range.